BB84 Quantum Key Distribution

Alice prepares. Eve may intercept. Bob measures. Bases are compared. A shared key remains.

1. SETTINGS

Alice sends qubits and Bob measures them. Enable Eve to intercept the channel. Repeat the experiment and observe the error rate after basis matching.(アリスが量子ビットを送り、ボブが測定します。イブを有効にすると途中で盗聴します。実験を繰り返し、基底一致後の誤り率を観察します。)

2. ALICE → EVE → BOB

Alice

Chooses a random bit, 0 or 1, and a random basis, Z or X.

Z basis: |0⟩ or |1⟩
X basis: |+⟩ or |−⟩
(0/1のランダムなビットと、Z/Xのランダムな基底を選びます。)

Eve

When intercepting, measures in a random basis, prepares a replacement state from the result, and sends it to Bob. A wrong basis disturbs the original state.(盗聴時はランダムな基底で測定し、その結果から状態を作り直してボブへ送ります。基底を外すと元の状態を壊します。)

Bob

Measures in a randomly selected Z or X basis because Alice’s basis is unknown. The bases alone are disclosed and compared afterward.(アリスの基底を知らないためZまたはXをランダムに選んで測定し、後で基底だけを公開して照合します。)

3. BB84 CIRCUIT

Prepare bit 1 in the Z basis: X
Prepare bit 0 in the X basis: H
Prepare bit 1 in the X basis: X → H
Measure in the X basis: H → Z measurement

Eve performs measurement followed by state preparation. This is not a unitary gate and generally has no inverse.
(Z基底の1はX、X基底の0はH、X基底の1はX→Hで準備します。X基底測定はH→Z測定です。イブの盗聴は測定と再準備であり、一般に逆演算を持ちません。)

4. RESULTS

No. A bit A basis State E basis E result B basis B result Keep? Error?

5. KEY SIFTING

SENT
0
BASIS MATCH
0
QBER
0%
FINAL KEY BITS
0

6. CONTROL CONSOLE